Just Edits

Everytime — not a word.

Every time — always two words.

My college-roommate friend from something like 24 years ago (ouch!) inquired this morning on Facebook about how to properly use the word punkass. The girl has a way with words.

Is it punkass or punk ass?

Based on my research of the word badass, which the dictionary declares is one word, I proclaim punkass to follow suit. I do see a case for two words, though. Let’s say I want a specific troublemaker to approach me. I would say, “Get your punk ass over here!” 

One word.

Sometimes, two words.

The following quote has been floating around Facebook, and, against my better judgment, I shared it yesterday on my personal page. I guess the funny factor outweighed my concern about agreement, which really is one of my most favorite grammar conventions.

I want to rewrite this comical quip to read, “When someone is crying, ask if it is because of their his or her haircut.” 

Someone is singular, their is plural—the two words are not in agreement, and this drives me a little bit crazy. I realize his or her is not as flow-y as their, and some folks are OK with this compromise in the spirit of fluid reading. Maybe I’m sorta alright with it, too. I mean, I did share the quote with hundreds of friends. Sometimes, I suppose, I favor funny over function.

Just as I was freaking out yesterday about raising teenage boys (my time is rapidly approaching), a friend shared this “Modern Family” quote with me:

“Raising kids is like sending a rocket to the moon. You spend lots of time with it pre-launch, then you let it go. Around the teenage years, it heads to the dark side. But if you wait patiently, your rocket will return to you someday.”

This helped. A lot. It also inspired me to impart some wisdom regarding the way in which the word someday is used in the quote.

Someday is used as an adverb to denote an indefinite time in the future, like, “But if you wait patiently, your rocket will return to you someday.”

The indefinite part is what worries me; when exactly will I get my rocket back after he leaves for the dark side?

Some day, as two words, works like this: Some is an adjective indicating a specific day, like, “Some day next week, I will master the art of communicating with my pre-teen.”

Man, that would be really great.

Client Callie asked me, “Do you have some information you can refer me to about listing numbers throughout a thesis, as in when to use digits and when to spell out? I’m familiar with AP style (not APA).”

This is what I told Callie:

In general, spell out numbers less than 10, and use figures for numbers 10 and greater. But (there is always a but, right?), be sure to use figures 

• for numbers in a graphical display of a paper;
  
  
• for numbers immediately preceding a unit of measurement;
  
  
• for statistical and math functions, fractions, decimals, percentages, ratios, percentiles, and quartiles;
  
  
• for numbers that represent dates, ages, scores, points on a scale, exact sums of money, and exact representations of time; and
  
  
• for numbers that denote a specific place in a numbered series, parts of books and tables, and each number in a list of four or more numbers (e.g., Grade 8, Table 2, row 5).

Use words to express

• numbers at the beginning of a sentence, title, or text heading (reword the sentence to avoid using a number at the beginning, if possible);
  
  
• numbers used for common fractions; and 
  
  
• numbers used with universally accepted usage (e.g., the Twelve Apostles).

American Psychological Association. (2009). Publication manual of the American Psychological Association (6th ed.). Washington, DC: Author.

While he untangled loads of Christmas lights and sorted through piles of outdoor decorations the other day, a neighbor told me, “This is tiresome!” Interesting word choice, I thought—tiresome. I would have probably used the word tiring. Well, at the time, anyway. Now that I’ve done a little digging, I realize tiresome works just fine, and its meaning may have been just what the guy down the street intended. Tiresome, you see, means irritating, annoying, or boring. Perhaps stringing up twinkles and sparkles and snowmen was driving this man bonkers. Now, if he meant just that his task was wearing him out or draining him of patience, tiring should have been his word. 

Your turn—do you find holiday decorating tiring, tiresome, or both?

Thanksgiving, always the fourth Thursday in November, is a holiday (obviously!), and, therefore, the word is capitalized—so is the word day when attached to the word Thanksgiving.

Thanksgiving Day

The word night is not capitalized after Thanksgiving.

Thanksgiving night

Have a happy Thanksgiving Day and a happy Thanksgiving night. May family, friends, and food warm your hearts.

Before you pen your presidential blog posts, your Facebook forecasts, and your Twitter tirades, be sure to check out the AP Stylebook 2012 U.S. Election Guide for instruction on the right way to write about the election.

Guess what?

It’s Election Day but election night.

Who knew?

I am not sharing this link (see below) to educate you on the topic of pushups (although, apparently, you are probably doing them wrong). I am sharing to educate you on the inconsistent use of language.

See push-ups in the headline and pushups used throughout the story.
See fourth-grader with a hyphen and fourth graders without a hyphen.

AP Style endorses pushups and fourth-grader(s), and I personally stand behind such style; however, consistency is what’s key. If you choose to use push-ups in your writing, no biggie—just use the word in that same exact form throughout your masterpiece. It’s just the right thing to do. It will make you look smarter, too.

Here is the link:
Are you doing push-ups wrong?

Can you find any other inconsistencies?

Scenario: You pass a friend in the grocery store. Your friend asks you, “How are you doing?” You pause, wondering whether it’s proper to use the word good or the word well. You throw out well, even though you want to say good,  because you’ve heard rumblings that well is the grammatically correct choice. 

Yes, well is often the right choice; however, good can be a solid option, too. Here, University of Michigan Professor Anne Curzan explains why you should not be scolded for choosing good.

Typically, when a modifier that is hyphenated before a noun occurs after a noun, it is not hyphenated.

Examples:

She is a full-time employee.
The employee works full time. 

According to AP Style, when the modifier that is hyphenated before a noun occurs after a form of to be, however, the hyphen should be retained.

Examples:

He is a well-known author.
The author is well-known.

Nine-year-old Danny illustrates two key grammar rules: America is capitalized, and, in this case, the word take a possessive ’s.

Is the noun fishes the plural of fish, and if it is, why do I so rarely hear anyone use the word?

Well, yes, fishes is the plural of fish—sometimes. But fish is also one of those nouns with singular and plural forms that are exactly the same—like deer, moose, and sheep. 

So, when should you use the word fishes?

When referring to multiple species.
Example:
Of all the fishes in the water, the students studied the flounder.

When using the plural possessive for fish.
Example:
The fishes’ colors were beautiful. 

When using a verb.
Example:
He fishes in the Suwannee River every weekend.  

In all other cases, like when referring to a bunch of the same fish, use the word fish.

I could tell you how to properly use the words may and might, but I’ll let the wise Philip B. Corbett do the honors:

May, Might, Muddle

If your APA reference has a DOI (digital object identifier), then use the DOI. It looks like this: doi:10.1111/1467-8535.00078. The DOI is a unique and permanent identifier that will take the reader directly to a document regardless of its location on the Internet.

Sample reference with a DOI:

Davis, B., & Simmt, E. (2006). Mathematics-for-teaching: An ongoing investigation of the mathematics that teachers (need to) know. Educational Studies in Mathematics, 61(3), 293–319. doi:10.1007/s10649-006-2372-4

To locate a DOI, plug in author name and title here: http://www.crossref.org/guestquery/

If a DOI exists (it won’t always, so don’t worry if you don’t find one), it will show up with a corresponding URL. Check the URL—if it’s broken, consider not using it in your reference listing; if it doesn’t work, it won’t benefit the reader.